Cyclic voltammetry and UV-Vis measurements of Tyrian Purple thin films are shown in figures 1(c) and 1(d), respectively. Since the molecule alone has a low level of conjugation, two phenyl rings separated by an unconjugated bridge, we surmise that its highly-ordered growth resulting in intermolecular π-stacking is integral for charge transport. Each Tyrian Purple molecule is nearly perfectly planar, with deviation from planarity of ∼ 5×10 -12 m and is hydrogen bonded to four others, with an interplanar distance between two parallel molecules of 3.44 Å. Gregory, Organic Chemistry in Colour ( Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1987). Steingruber, Indigo and Indigo Colorants in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry ( Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, Germany, 2004). Intermolecular hydrogen bonding between the carbonyl oxygens and amine hydrogen has been intensively characterized through X-ray diffraction 18,19 18. See supplementary material at for dielectric properties and inverter hysteresis. From impedance measurements of Al|dye|Al structures we calculated a value of ɛ r = 6.2. This high long-range order is also reflected in a large relative permittivity, ɛ r. Similar to indigo, X-ray diffraction (XRD) of Tyrian Purple deposited on TTC showed only one diffraction peak (figure 1(b) ) instead of a Debye ring characteristic of polycrystalline materials, suggesting a crystalline texture with a single preferential orientation. (02)01306-1 Gold source and drain electrodes were evaporated through a shadow mask giving W/L of 1 mm / 80 μm. Next, 80 nm of Tyrian Purple was evaporated from a hot-wall epitaxial source at a rate of 0.1 Å/s. giving a specific capacitance, C 0d, of 43.2 nF TTC-passivated AlO x slides were annealed at 60 oC for ∼12h under nitrogen, 14 14. Easily extracted from petroleum distillation, TTC is biodegradable and occurs abundantly in nature, being identified in large amounts (up to 10%) in medicinal plants 10–13 10. Next, a 40 nm passivation layer of the oligoethylene tetratetracontane (C 44H 90, TTC) was evaporated onto the AlO x. (03)00005-3 (40 nm) on a vacuum-evaporated aluminum gate electrode (100 nm). Transistors were fabricated on glass substrates by first creating an AlO x dielectric layer electrochemically 9 9. and purified it twice by temperature gradient sublimation. We prepared the dye synthetically via published procedures 7,8 7. J Melo in Handbook of Natural Colorants (Eds.: T. One of the most prized dyes in antiquity, Tyrian Purple was originally produced from sea snails. These devices exemplify the possibility of fabrication of high-performance biocompatible and biodegradable organic electronics. We have used such films to fabricate ambipolar organic field-effect transistors and inverters with high gain in the first and third quadrants. Tyrian Purple forms highly ordered films with a single preferential orientation when prepared by evaporation. Here we show that the natural pigment Tyrian Purple, 6,6’-dibromoindigo (figure 1(a) ), is an ambipolar organic semiconductor with large electron and hole mobilities. Organic ambipolar semiconductors should have a small band gap supporting injection of electrons and holes from a single electrode material. Bao, Organic Field Effect Transistors ( J. In organic electronics, the fabrication of CMOS-like circuits with discrete p- and n-channel devices from the same semiconductor remains challenging.
#Tyrian vs tyrian 2000 series
Baker, CMOS Circuit design, layout, and simulation IEEE Press Series on Microelectronic Systems ( Wiley Interscience, Weinheim, Germany, 2007). Complementary circuits (CMOS), originally developed in silicon microelectronics, are the basis technology for integrated circuits, due to the wide noise margin, durability and low power dissipation achievable.
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